Socket Options in Java

javadoc's of socket classes for JDK1.1 are here!

The C way

Programming in C, one sets options by using a system call along the lines of:
	setsockopt(int fd, int level, int optval, void *optdata, 
		   int optdatalen);

	fd = already opened (possibly connected) socket fd;
	level = level in the protocol stack (IP, UDP, TCP) where
	        the option applies;
	optval = the option, a CONSTANT;
	optdata = ptr to option dependent struct of parameters relevant
	         only to a particular option;

In java

The C way of setting options lacks the type-safety of object-oriented programming. The option one wishes to set/get is identified by an int, and the value to set/get into is an opaque void*. It is all too easy to pass the wrong option identifier, the wrong type object in the void* parameter, or the wrong for that parameter. Worse still, the code for these errors will typically compile, and the error will only be manifested at runtime.

Java now provides a type-safe way to set options. Each socket class has a get/set method for each option it supports, taking and returning the appropriate type. The options supported, for which socket classes and their meaning in brief:

Additionally, JDK1.1 provides new constructors to Socket, ServerSocket and DatagramSocket that allow the specification of a local address/port to which the socket should bind, and similarly these classes can divulge their local addresses.

Full javadoc's for the socket classes in JDK1.1 are provided here, including complete details on how to get/set all options. If there's other options you'd like to use from java tell us!

Fell by the wayside...

Some possible BSD options that are not supported in java:

The implementation details...

...that you don't need to know, unless you subclass SocketImpl/DatagramSocketImpl. Every *Socket object has an underlying SocketImpl/DatagramSocketImpl that interfaces to native code. The Impl classes implement two methods to support options:
	void setOption(int optID, Object val) throws SocketException;
	Object getOption(int optID) throws SocketException;
that look much like C. These methods act as glue to the native methods, and ensure type safety before native methods are invoked.

08:19:48 AM, Wednesday April 19, 2000


brown@monkey.eng.sun.com