java.awt
Class BorderLayout

java.lang.Object
  extended byjava.awt.BorderLayout
All Implemented Interfaces:
LayoutManager, LayoutManager2, Serializable

public class BorderLayout
extends Object
implements LayoutManager2, Serializable

A border layout lays out a container, arranging and resizing its components to fit in five regions: north, south, east, west, and center. Each region may contain no more than one component, and is identified by a corresponding constant: NORTH, SOUTH, EAST, WEST, and CENTER. When adding a component to a container with a border layout, use one of these five constants, for example:

    Panel p = new Panel();
    p.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
    p.add(new Button("Okay"), BorderLayout.SOUTH);
 
As a convenience, BorderLayout interprets the absence of a string specification the same as the constant CENTER:
    Panel p2 = new Panel();
    p2.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
    p2.add(new TextArea());  // Same as p.add(new TextArea(), BorderLayout.CENTER);
 

In addition, BorderLayout supports the relative positioning constants, PAGE_START, PAGE_END, LINE_START, and LINE_END. In a container whose ComponentOrientation is set to ComponentOrientation.LEFT_TO_RIGHT, these constants map to NORTH, SOUTH, WEST, and EAST, respectively.

For compatibility with previous releases, BorderLayout also includes the relative positioning constants BEFORE_FIRST_LINE, AFTER_LAST_LINE, BEFORE_LINE_BEGINS and AFTER_LINE_ENDS. These are equivalent to PAGE_START, PAGE_END, LINE_START and LINE_END respectively. For consistency with the relative positioning constants used by other components, the latter constants are preferred.

Mixing both absolute and relative positioning constants can lead to unpredicable results. If you use both types, the relative constants will take precedence. For example, if you add components using both the NORTH and PAGE_START constants in a container whose orientation is LEFT_TO_RIGHT, only the PAGE_START will be layed out.

NOTE: Currently (in the Java 2 platform v1.2), BorderLayout does not support vertical orientations. The isVertical setting on the container's ComponentOrientation is not respected.

The components are laid out according to their preferred sizes and the constraints of the container's size. The NORTH and SOUTH components may be stretched horizontally; the EAST and WEST components may be stretched vertically; the CENTER component may stretch both horizontally and vertically to fill any space left over.

Here is an example of five buttons in an applet laid out using the BorderLayout layout manager:

Diagram of an applet demonstrating BorderLayout. 
      Each section of the BorderLayout contains a Button corresponding to its position in the layout, one of: 
      North, West, Center, East, or South.

The code for this applet is as follows:


 import java.awt.*;
 import java.applet.Applet;

 public class buttonDir extends Applet {
   public void init() {
     setLayout(new BorderLayout());
     add(new Button("North"), BorderLayout.NORTH);
     add(new Button("South"), BorderLayout.SOUTH);
     add(new Button("East"), BorderLayout.EAST);
     add(new Button("West"), BorderLayout.WEST);
     add(new Button("Center"), BorderLayout.CENTER);
   }
 }
 

Since:
JDK1.0
Author:
Arthur van Hoff
See Also:
Container.add(String, Component), ComponentOrientation, Serialized Form

Field Summary
static String AFTER_LAST_LINE
          Synonym for PAGE_END.
static String AFTER_LINE_ENDS
          Synonym for LINE_END.
static String BEFORE_FIRST_LINE
          Synonym for PAGE_START.
static String BEFORE_LINE_BEGINS
          Synonym for LINE_START.
(package private)  Component center
          Constant to specify components location to be the center portion of the border layout.
static String CENTER
          The center layout constraint (middle of container).
(package private)  Component east
          Constant to specify components location to be the east portion of the border layout.
static String EAST
          The east layout constraint (right side of container).
(package private)  Component firstItem
          A relative positioning constant, that can be used instead of north, south, east, west or center.
(package private)  Component firstLine
          A relative positioning constant, that can be used instead of north, south, east, west or center.
(package private)  int hgap
          Constructs a border layout with the horizontal gaps between components.
(package private)  Component lastItem
          A relative positioning constant, that can be used instead of north, south, east, west or center.
(package private)  Component lastLine
          A relative positioning constant, that can be used instead of north, south, east, west or center.
static String LINE_END
          The component goes at the end of the line direction for the layout.
static String LINE_START
          The component goes at the beginning of the line direction for the layout.
(package private)  Component north
          Constant to specify components location to be the north portion of the border layout.
static String NORTH
          The north layout constraint (top of container).
static String PAGE_END
          The component comes after the last line of the layout's content.
static String PAGE_START
          The component comes before the first line of the layout's content.
private static long serialVersionUID
           
(package private)  Component south
          Constant to specify components location to be the south portion of the border layout.
static String SOUTH
          The south layout constraint (bottom of container).
(package private)  int vgap
          Constructs a border layout with the vertical gaps between components.
(package private)  Component west
          Constant to specify components location to be the west portion of the border layout.
static String WEST
          The west layout constraint (left side of container).
 
Constructor Summary
BorderLayout()
          Constructs a new border layout with no gaps between components.
BorderLayout(int hgap, int vgap)
          Constructs a border layout with the specified gaps between components.
 
Method Summary
 void addLayoutComponent(Component comp, Object constraints)
          Adds the specified component to the layout, using the specified constraint object.
 void addLayoutComponent(String name, Component comp)
          If the layout manager uses a per-component string, adds the component comp to the layout, associating it with the string specified by name.
private  Component getChild(String key, boolean ltr)
          Get the component that corresponds to the given constraint location
 int getHgap()
          Returns the horizontal gap between components.
 float getLayoutAlignmentX(Container parent)
          Returns the alignment along the x axis.
 float getLayoutAlignmentY(Container parent)
          Returns the alignment along the y axis.
 int getVgap()
          Returns the vertical gap between components.
 void invalidateLayout(Container target)
          Invalidates the layout, indicating that if the layout manager has cached information it should be discarded.
 void layoutContainer(Container target)
          Lays out the container argument using this border layout.
 Dimension maximumLayoutSize(Container target)
          Returns the maximum dimensions for this layout given the components in the specified target container.
 Dimension minimumLayoutSize(Container target)
          Determines the minimum size of the target container using this layout manager.
 Dimension preferredLayoutSize(Container target)
          Determines the preferred size of the target container using this layout manager, based on the components in the container.
 void removeLayoutComponent(Component comp)
          Removes the specified component from this border layout.
 void setHgap(int hgap)
          Sets the horizontal gap between components.
 void setVgap(int vgap)
          Sets the vertical gap between components.
 String toString()
          Returns a string representation of the state of this border layout.
 
Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait
 

Field Detail

hgap

int hgap
Constructs a border layout with the horizontal gaps between components. The horizontal gap is specified by hgap.

See Also:
getHgap(), setHgap(int)

vgap

int vgap
Constructs a border layout with the vertical gaps between components. The vertical gap is specified by vgap.

See Also:
getVgap(), setVgap(int)

north

Component north
Constant to specify components location to be the north portion of the border layout.

See Also:
getChild(String, boolean), addLayoutComponent(java.awt.Component, java.lang.Object), getLayoutAlignmentX(java.awt.Container), getLayoutAlignmentY(java.awt.Container), removeLayoutComponent(java.awt.Component)

west

Component west
Constant to specify components location to be the west portion of the border layout.

See Also:
getChild(String, boolean), addLayoutComponent(java.awt.Component, java.lang.Object), getLayoutAlignmentX(java.awt.Container), getLayoutAlignmentY(java.awt.Container), removeLayoutComponent(java.awt.Component)

east

Component east
Constant to specify components location to be the east portion of the border layout.

See Also:
getChild(String, boolean), addLayoutComponent(java.awt.Component, java.lang.Object), getLayoutAlignmentX(java.awt.Container), getLayoutAlignmentY(java.awt.Container), removeLayoutComponent(java.awt.Component)

south

Component south
Constant to specify components location to be the south portion of the border layout.

See Also:
getChild(String, boolean), addLayoutComponent(java.awt.Component, java.lang.Object), getLayoutAlignmentX(java.awt.Container), getLayoutAlignmentY(java.awt.Container), removeLayoutComponent(java.awt.Component)

center

Component center
Constant to specify components location to be the center portion of the border layout.

See Also:
getChild(String, boolean), addLayoutComponent(java.awt.Component, java.lang.Object), getLayoutAlignmentX(java.awt.Container), getLayoutAlignmentY(java.awt.Container), removeLayoutComponent(java.awt.Component)

firstLine

Component firstLine
A relative positioning constant, that can be used instead of north, south, east, west or center. mixing the two types of constants can lead to unpredicable results. If you use both types, the relative constants will take precedence. For example, if you add components using both the NORTH and BEFORE_FIRST_LINE constants in a container whose orientation is LEFT_TO_RIGHT, only the BEFORE_FIRST_LINE will be layed out. This will be the same for lastLine, firstItem, lastItem.


lastLine

Component lastLine
A relative positioning constant, that can be used instead of north, south, east, west or center. Please read Description for firstLine.


firstItem

Component firstItem
A relative positioning constant, that can be used instead of north, south, east, west or center. Please read Description for firstLine.


lastItem

Component lastItem
A relative positioning constant, that can be used instead of north, south, east, west or center. Please read Description for firstLine.


NORTH

public static final String NORTH
The north layout constraint (top of container).

See Also:
Constant Field Values

SOUTH

public static final String SOUTH
The south layout constraint (bottom of container).

See Also:
Constant Field Values

EAST

public static final String EAST
The east layout constraint (right side of container).

See Also:
Constant Field Values

WEST

public static final String WEST
The west layout constraint (left side of container).

See Also:
Constant Field Values

CENTER

public static final String CENTER
The center layout constraint (middle of container).

See Also:
Constant Field Values

BEFORE_FIRST_LINE

public static final String BEFORE_FIRST_LINE
Synonym for PAGE_START. Exists for compatibility with previous versions. PAGE_START is preferred.

Since:
1.2
See Also:
PAGE_START, Constant Field Values

AFTER_LAST_LINE

public static final String AFTER_LAST_LINE
Synonym for PAGE_END. Exists for compatibility with previous versions. PAGE_END is preferred.

Since:
1.2
See Also:
PAGE_END, Constant Field Values

BEFORE_LINE_BEGINS

public static final String BEFORE_LINE_BEGINS
Synonym for LINE_START. Exists for compatibility with previous versions. LINE_START is preferred.

Since:
1.2
See Also:
LINE_START, Constant Field Values

AFTER_LINE_ENDS

public static final String AFTER_LINE_ENDS
Synonym for LINE_END. Exists for compatibility with previous versions. LINE_END is preferred.

Since:
1.2
See Also:
LINE_END, Constant Field Values

PAGE_START

public static final String PAGE_START
The component comes before the first line of the layout's content. For Western, left-to-right and top-to-bottom orientations, this is equivalent to NORTH.

Since:
1.4
See Also:
Component.getComponentOrientation(), Constant Field Values

PAGE_END

public static final String PAGE_END
The component comes after the last line of the layout's content. For Western, left-to-right and top-to-bottom orientations, this is equivalent to SOUTH.

Since:
1.4
See Also:
Component.getComponentOrientation(), Constant Field Values

LINE_START

public static final String LINE_START
The component goes at the beginning of the line direction for the layout. For Western, left-to-right and top-to-bottom orientations, this is equivalent to WEST.

Since:
1.4
See Also:
Component.getComponentOrientation(), Constant Field Values

LINE_END

public static final String LINE_END
The component goes at the end of the line direction for the layout. For Western, left-to-right and top-to-bottom orientations, this is equivalent to EAST.

Since:
1.4
See Also:
Component.getComponentOrientation(), Constant Field Values

serialVersionUID

private static final long serialVersionUID
See Also:
Constant Field Values
Constructor Detail

BorderLayout

public BorderLayout()
Constructs a new border layout with no gaps between components.


BorderLayout

public BorderLayout(int hgap,
                    int vgap)
Constructs a border layout with the specified gaps between components. The horizontal gap is specified by hgap and the vertical gap is specified by vgap.

Parameters:
hgap - the horizontal gap.
vgap - the vertical gap.
Method Detail

getHgap

public int getHgap()
Returns the horizontal gap between components.

Since:
JDK1.1

setHgap

public void setHgap(int hgap)
Sets the horizontal gap between components.

Parameters:
hgap - the horizontal gap between components
Since:
JDK1.1

getVgap

public int getVgap()
Returns the vertical gap between components.

Since:
JDK1.1

setVgap

public void setVgap(int vgap)
Sets the vertical gap between components.

Parameters:
vgap - the vertical gap between components
Since:
JDK1.1

addLayoutComponent

public void addLayoutComponent(Component comp,
                               Object constraints)
Adds the specified component to the layout, using the specified constraint object. For border layouts, the constraint must be one of the following constants: NORTH, SOUTH, EAST, WEST, or CENTER.

Most applications do not call this method directly. This method is called when a component is added to a container using the Container.add method with the same argument types.

Specified by:
addLayoutComponent in interface LayoutManager2
Parameters:
comp - the component to be added.
constraints - an object that specifies how and where the component is added to the layout.
Throws:
IllegalArgumentException - if the constraint object is not a string, or if it not one of the five specified constants.
Since:
JDK1.1
See Also:
Container.add(java.awt.Component, java.lang.Object)

addLayoutComponent

public void addLayoutComponent(String name,
                               Component comp)
Deprecated. replaced by addLayoutComponent(Component, Object).

Description copied from interface: LayoutManager
If the layout manager uses a per-component string, adds the component comp to the layout, associating it with the string specified by name.

Specified by:
addLayoutComponent in interface LayoutManager
Parameters:
name - the string to be associated with the component
comp - the component to be added

removeLayoutComponent

public void removeLayoutComponent(Component comp)
Removes the specified component from this border layout. This method is called when a container calls its remove or removeAll methods. Most applications do not call this method directly.

Specified by:
removeLayoutComponent in interface LayoutManager
Parameters:
comp - the component to be removed.
See Also:
Container.remove(java.awt.Component), Container.removeAll()

minimumLayoutSize

public Dimension minimumLayoutSize(Container target)
Determines the minimum size of the target container using this layout manager.

This method is called when a container calls its getMinimumSize method. Most applications do not call this method directly.

Specified by:
minimumLayoutSize in interface LayoutManager
Parameters:
target - the container in which to do the layout.
Returns:
the minimum dimensions needed to lay out the subcomponents of the specified container.
See Also:
Container, preferredLayoutSize(java.awt.Container), Container.getMinimumSize()

preferredLayoutSize

public Dimension preferredLayoutSize(Container target)
Determines the preferred size of the target container using this layout manager, based on the components in the container.

Most applications do not call this method directly. This method is called when a container calls its getPreferredSize method.

Specified by:
preferredLayoutSize in interface LayoutManager
Parameters:
target - the container in which to do the layout.
Returns:
the preferred dimensions to lay out the subcomponents of the specified container.
See Also:
Container, minimumLayoutSize(java.awt.Container), Container.getPreferredSize()

maximumLayoutSize

public Dimension maximumLayoutSize(Container target)
Returns the maximum dimensions for this layout given the components in the specified target container.

Specified by:
maximumLayoutSize in interface LayoutManager2
Parameters:
target - the component which needs to be laid out
See Also:
Container, minimumLayoutSize(java.awt.Container), preferredLayoutSize(java.awt.Container)

getLayoutAlignmentX

public float getLayoutAlignmentX(Container parent)
Returns the alignment along the x axis. This specifies how the component would like to be aligned relative to other components. The value should be a number between 0 and 1 where 0 represents alignment along the origin, 1 is aligned the furthest away from the origin, 0.5 is centered, etc.

Specified by:
getLayoutAlignmentX in interface LayoutManager2

getLayoutAlignmentY

public float getLayoutAlignmentY(Container parent)
Returns the alignment along the y axis. This specifies how the component would like to be aligned relative to other components. The value should be a number between 0 and 1 where 0 represents alignment along the origin, 1 is aligned the furthest away from the origin, 0.5 is centered, etc.

Specified by:
getLayoutAlignmentY in interface LayoutManager2

invalidateLayout

public void invalidateLayout(Container target)
Invalidates the layout, indicating that if the layout manager has cached information it should be discarded.

Specified by:
invalidateLayout in interface LayoutManager2

layoutContainer

public void layoutContainer(Container target)
Lays out the container argument using this border layout.

This method actually reshapes the components in the specified container in order to satisfy the constraints of this BorderLayout object. The NORTH and SOUTH components, if any, are placed at the top and bottom of the container, respectively. The WEST and EAST components are then placed on the left and right, respectively. Finally, the CENTER object is placed in any remaining space in the middle.

Most applications do not call this method directly. This method is called when a container calls its doLayout method.

Specified by:
layoutContainer in interface LayoutManager
Parameters:
target - the container in which to do the layout.
See Also:
Container, Container.doLayout()

getChild

private Component getChild(String key,
                           boolean ltr)
Get the component that corresponds to the given constraint location

Parameters:
key - The desired absolute position, either NORTH, SOUTH, EAST, or WEST.
ltr - Is the component line direction left-to-right?

toString

public String toString()
Returns a string representation of the state of this border layout.

Overrides:
toString in class Object
Returns:
a string representation of this border layout.